"There  is one place in which one's privacy, intimacy, integrity and  inviolability are guaranteed – one's body, a unique temple and a  familiar territory of sensa and personal history. The torturer invades,  defiles and desecrates this shrine. He does so publicly, deliberately,  repeatedly and, often, sadistically and sexually, with undisguised  pleasure. Hence the all-pervasive, long-lasting, and, frequently,  irreversible effects and outcomes of torture.
In a way, the torture victim's own  body is rendered his worse enemy. It is corporeal agony that compels  the sufferer to mutate, his identity to fragment, his ideals and  principles to crumble. The body becomes an accomplice of the tormentor,  an uninterruptible channel of communication, a treasonous, poisoned  territory.
It  fosters a humiliating dependency of the abused on the perpetrator.  Bodily needs denied – sleep, toilet, food, water – are wrongly perceived  by the victim as the direct causes of his degradation and  dehumanization. As he sees it, he is rendered bestial not by the  sadistic bullies around him but by his own flesh.
The  concept of "body" can easily be extended to "family", or "home".  Torture is often applied to kin and kith, compatriots, or colleagues.  This intends to disrupt the continuity of "surroundings, habits,  appearance, relations with others", as the CIA put it in one of its  manuals. A sense of cohesive self-identity depends crucially on the  familiar and the continuous. By attacking both one's biological body and  one's "social body", the victim's psyche is strained to the point of  dissociation.
"The  CIA, in its "Human Resource Exploitation Training Manual – 1983"  (reprinted in the April 1997 issue of Harper's Magazine), summed up the  theory of coercion thus:
"The  purpose of all coercive techniques is to induce psychological  regression in the subject by bringing a superior outside force to bear  on his will to resist. Regression is basically a loss of autonomy, a  reversion to an earlier behavioral level. As the subject regresses, his  learned personality traits fall away in reverse chronological order. He  begins to lose the capacity to carry out the highest creative  activities, to deal with complex situations, or to cope with stressful  interpersonal relationships or repeated frustrations."
Inevitably,  in the aftermath of torture, its victims feel helpless and powerless.  This loss of control over one's life and body is manifested physically  in impotence, attention deficits, and insomnia. This is often  exacerbated by the disbelief many torture victims encounter, especially  if they are unable to produce scars, or other "objective" proof of their  ordeal. Language cannot communicate such an intensely private  experience as pain."
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